Friday, 25 July 2014

Save the Gray Dolphins!

This is the text by Nancy de Lustoza Barros e Hirsch published at the Umbrella magazine for the English speaking expats in Rio de Janeiro. In order to see the full magazine click here


My name is Carioca and I live at Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro, where my family has been residing since the beginning of time. It is in the nature of our species to stay in the places we are born in forever, so, I am a proud descendant of the very ones seen by the pioneers arriving in our country. We made such an impression on the first Portuguese setting foot in Rio that later we were used as a symbol on the city’s flag, and there we remain today, proudly representing Rio’s waters. French historian Jean de Léry, writing in the XVI century, said that the sea here was “muddled” with my people and when Sir Walter Briarly visited the region in mid-1800 he portrayed us flocking around.

I am, of course, a gray dolphin.

We are called “botos-cinzas”, “toninhas” or “golfinhos” in Portuguese and our scientific name is Sotallia guianensis. We are mammals and on average we weigh 80 kilos and measure 1.8 metres long. Speedwise, we can reach 30 km per hour and we jump out of the water to communicate between ourselves. Our backs are gray, varying from dark to light, but our bellies can be white or rosy. Besides being elegant, gracious and beautiful, we are very intelligent!

According to my elders we used to enjoy about 28 square kilometers of the bay, but lately food has become far more scarce, so we prefer to stay within a smaller perimeter, where there still are plenty of trees around the waters.

Last February a group of us was scouting near the huge bridge between Rio and Niteroi and, and since we rarely go there, we made the news: our photo was stamped in newspapers, magazines and on-line. I did not understand what the fuss was about, but my companions explained that it is because we are becoming extinct. My family used to number 1000 in the 1970’s, but nowadays is only around 40.

I have been advised that the oceanographic department of Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) has a project called “Maqua” that monitors and identifies us by photographs—our dorsal fins are like human fingerprints, each one has its very own characteristics. Much is being done to protect us, but it is not enough. Our life expectancy is about 30 years; however, pollution is steadily curbing our chances to survive.

Construction and dredging around the bay causes the rivers that enter our waters come laden with detritus. In addition, the heavy ship traffic (lined up merchant ships, those huge tourist yachts!) destroys the oxygen in the water. This pollution also damages our hormonal and reproductive systems.

The other peril we face is running ashore or being caught by fishermen’s nets. Our relatives that live on the neighboring Sepetiba Bay are being protected by the project “Abrace o Boto Cinza” (hug the gray dolphin). Local fishermen, instead of hunting us down, will take tourists around to watch the about 2,000 species of my family there.


Despite our swiftly diminishing numbers, we, the most Carioca of all dolphins, are not officially listed as in danger of being extinct! Ways to help and more information about us can be found at: maqua.uerj.br/botosbaia.html and institutobotocinza.org

foto: istoe

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